For this assignment you will be building on the Fraction class you began last week. All the requirements from that class are still in force. You'll be making five major changes to the class.
Delete your set() function. Add two constructors, a default constructor (a constructor that takes no parameters) and a parameterized constructor (a constructor that takes parameters). The default constructor assigns the value 0 to the Fraction. In the parameterized constructor, the first parameter will represent the initial numerator of the Fraction, and the second parameter will represent the initial denominator of the Fraction.
Since Fractions cannot have denominators of 0, the default constructor should assign 0 to the numerator and 1 to the denominator. Also, the parameterized constructor should check to make sure that the second parameter is not a 0 by using the statement "assert(denominatorParameter != 0);". To use the assert() function you'll also need to #include <cassert>. (Note, I don't expect the variable to be named "denominatorParameter," that's just my placeholder for the example.)
assert() is not the best way to handle this, but it will have to do until we study exception handling.
Add the const keyword to your class wherever appropriate (and also make sure to pass objects by reference -- see lesson 15.9). Your class may still work correctly even if you don't do this correctly, so this will require extra care!!
Add a private "simplify()" function to your class and call it from the appropriate member functions. The best way to do this is to make the function a void function with no parameters that reduces the calling object.
As you can see from the sample output given below, you are still not required to change improper Fractions into mixed numbers for printing. Just print it as an improper Fraction. You are also not required to deal with negative numbers, either in the numerator or the denominator. Make sure that your class will reduce ANY non-negative Fraction, not just the Fractions that are tested in the provided client program.
Fractions should not be simply reduced upon output, they should be stored in reduced form at all times. As a result, simplify() should not be called from print(). In other words, you should ensure that all Fraction objects are reduced before the end of any member function.
You must create your own algorithm for reducing Fractions. Don't look up an already existing algorithm for reducing Fractions or finding GCF. The point here is to have you practice solving the problem on your own. In particular, don't use Euclid's algorithm. Don't worry about being efficient. It's fine to have your function check every possible factor, even if it would be more efficient to just check prime numbers. Just create something of your own that works correctly on ANY Fraction.
Note: this part of the assignment is worth 5 points. If you are having trouble keeping up with the class, I suggest you skip this part and take the 5 point deduction.
Put the client program in a separate file from the class, and divide the class into specification file (fraction.h) and implementation file (fraction.cpp), so your code will be in 3 separate files.
Add documentation to your assignment. Be sure to carefully read section 1D of the Style Conventions, "Commenting in Classes". Hint: in this assignment, it turns out that only the constructor will have a precondition. None of the other functions have preconditions.
Your class must still have exactly two data members. Also, you are still not allowed to add additional functions besides those mentioned in the assignment.
I am providing a client program for you below. You should copy and paste this and use it as your client program. The output that should be produced when the provided client program is run with your class is also given below, so that you can check your results. Since you are not writing the client program, you are not required to include comments in it.
Here is the client program.
#include <iostream>
#include "Fraction.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
Fraction f1(9,8);
Fraction f2(2,3);
Fraction result;
cout << "The result starts off at ";
result.print();
cout << endl;
cout << "The product of ";
f1.print();
cout << " and ";
f2.print();
cout << " is ";
result = f1.multipliedBy(f2);
result.print();
cout << endl;
cout << "The quotient of ";
f1.print();
cout << " and ";
f2.print();
cout << " is ";
result = f1.dividedBy(f2);
result.print();
cout << endl;
cout << "The sum of ";
f1.print();
cout << " and ";
f2.print();
cout << " is ";
result = f1.addedTo(f2);
result.print();
cout << endl;
cout << "The difference of ";
f1.print();
cout << " and ";
f2.print();
cout << " is ";
result = f1.subtract(f2);
result.print();
cout << endl;
if (f1.isEqualTo(f2)){
cout << "The two Fractions are equal." << endl;
} else {
cout << "The two Fractions are not equal." << endl;
}
const Fraction f3(12, 8);
const Fraction f4(202, 303);
result = f3.multipliedBy(f4);
cout << "The product of ";
f3.print();
cout << " and ";
f4.print();
cout << " is ";
result.print();
cout << endl;
}
This client should produce the output shown here:
The result starts off at 0/1 The product of 9/8 and 2/3 is 3/4 The quotient of 9/8 and 2/3 is 27/16 The sum of 9/8 and 2/3 is 43/24 The difference of 9/8 and 2/3 is 11/24 The two Fractions are not equal. The product of 3/2 and 2/3 is 1/1
You may not change the client program in any way. Changing the client program will result in a grade of 0 on the project.
You should also test your code with this client program:
#include <iostream>
#include "Fraction.h"
using namespace std;
int main() {
Fraction f(0, 1);
f.print();
cout << endl;
}